NYU Professor Urges MBA Students to Think Beyond Consulting, Finance, and Tech

A recent WSJ op-ed by Suzy Welch, CNBC Contributor, Author, and Professor at NYU Stern provides career advice for MBAs: Although consulting, finance, and tech are the most commonly sought careers post-MBA, they are not the only routes to success. Welch advises MBAs to seek work, “at the intersection of their authentic values, their strongest skills and aptitudes, and the kind of work that interests and excites them intellectually and emotionally.” But, she points out, despite most students entering MBA programs feeling awash with career possibilities, most leave with jobs in just three industries. 

Finding purpose is an idea that she’s put a lot of thought into. After the loss of her husband, the legendary Jack Welch, she realized her need to find an “organizing principle” in her life. Welch then developed, pitched, and is now teaching a course at NYU Stern on the topic. Designed to guide MBAs on an introspective journey towards a fulfilling career path, the course is titled “Becoming You: Crafting the Authentic Career You Want and Need.” She describes it, according to Poets & Quants, as the class she wishes that she’d been able to take before graduating from Harvard Business School and entering into consulting. 

In her WSJ article, Welch identifies two key patterns emerging within MBA programs that are reducing opportunities for graduates. The first is internal: groupthink. She described this phenomenon In an interview with Poets & Quants. “You go to business school and you think about strategy and the digital economy, but what about thinking about what you want to do with your life? Most people go to business school to pivot into a new career... So you get there and you are looking around and the choices get narrower and narrower because of groupthink. You arrive big-eyed and you end up squinting. Investment banking and consulting are the two big funnels, or maybe tech,” she says. 

While she notes that some MBAs may also be seeking financial security and a way to repay loans, she purports that it runs deeper. That, for many, taking a job in one of the big three—consulting, finance, or tech—is fulfilling a “group instinct” and is good for “optics.” And as is so often the case with groupthink, MBA students who opt not to apply for these lucrative positions, or those who turn down such offers, can feel foolish or like risk-takers. But she warns that many who do follow that path as a means for safety and security often end up regretful. “A lot of very smart, very capable people, usually in their late 30s and early 40s, wake up miserable one day. Over my years as a journalist specializing in the workplace, I saw this phenomenon so often I came to dub it “The Velvet Coffin”—a state of cushy creature comfort encased in emotional or intellectual dissatisfaction” she writes.

Welch also observes a second pattern and it is external. Industry, she calls out, does a poor job showing up to recruit and sell itself among MBAs. Whereas, consulting, finance, and tech recruiters not only show up but have excelled in creating touchpoints and programming, and defining a consistent and compelling “narrative.” 

“I heard it repeatedly, because my students parroted it back to me: Even if you don’t stay long-term, with our credential on your résumé and professional development programs, we’ll set you up for your career! The big three are so persuasive and make it so convenient to get a job that it ends up feeling inevitable,” she writes. 

Welch concludes that MBA students, like never before, are seeking meaning and purpose from their careers and their lives. And she advises them to think carefully about their goals, listen, and dare to consider opportunities beyond the big three industries.

MBA Programs Increasing Use of Virtual and Tech-Enabled Recruiting Processes

The MBA Career Services and Employer Alliance (CSEA) recently shared the results of its 2021 Fall Recruiting Trends Survey. The findings show that recruiting is bouncing back to pre-pandemic levels for full-time MBA students, particularly within the consulting, technology, healthcare, and financial services industries. But certain pandemic trends may be here to stay. The findings highlight the continued relevance of virtual engagement opportunities between students, career services, and employee recruiters. 

The survey includes responses from 77 CSEA member schools, who completed the survey in January of 2022. 

Among full-time MBA programs, just over two-thirds of schools (35 percent) report that on-campus recruiting opportunities for MBA students, which includes in-person or virtual interviews organized through the school, are up this academic year compared to last. Just 27 percent report that opportunities are down, a sharp decline from 47 percent in 2020. Similarly, the majority of schools (74 percent) report that off-campus recruiting and job postings have increased in 2021. 

Most schools report increases in recruiting activities for full-time post-MBA employment within the consulting (84 percent), technology (82 percent), and healthcare (69 percent) industries. Schools continued to see decreased recruiting activity within the hospitality sector (33 percent), although the number of schools that experienced these decreases was smaller in 2021 than in 2020 (61 percent). Most schools’ recruiting activity, 76 percent, increased among large firms (more than 500 employees), and 63 percent saw increases in recruiting by mid-size firms (100-500 employees). The survey results note that, in previous years, schools were most likely to indicate recruiting increases by firms not headquartered within the school’s geographic region, which in 2021 was the third-largest increase (63 percent). 

In the survey, schools were also asked how student engagement with various career support activities compared to the prior year. The biggest increases were with one-on-one coaching appointments (50 percent of schools), virtual career fair participation (48 percent), and group coaching sessions (47 percent). Conversely, student engagement decreased the most among in-person career fair participation (58 percent of schools), on-campus interviewing (49 percent), and information session attendance (42 percent). 

Fall 2021 also brought changes in students’ interactions with recruiting activities. Most schools report that employers’ use of virtual interview technologies increased (90 percent), as did the use of AI-powered pre-interview screening tools (75 percent). A large number of schools, 68 percent, indicate an increasing use of virtual multi-school events. Schools also note growth in alumni-initiated hiring (62 percent), and virtual career fairs (61 percent). Conversely, almost two-thirds of schools report a decrease in student engagement with in-person career fairs (64 percent). 

Similar to the full-time employment recruiting trends, both off and on-campus opportunities for internship recruiting were more positive in 2021 than in 2020. Almost two-thirds of schools, 65 percent, report an increase in off-campus internship opportunities for full-time MBAs. And, over one-third, 36 percent, report that on-campus activities have increased, which compares favorably to the 16 percent of schools that reported increases in 2020. Again, similar to the full-time recruiting trends, most increases in internship recruiting were within the consulting (73 percent of schools) and technology (71 percent) industries. Financial services (60 percent) came in third. 

A large proportion of summer internships in 2021 remained in a virtual format. More than half of schools (56 percent) report that over 60 percent of their students’ 2021 summer internships were virtual, whereas in 2020, over 83 percent of schools reported predominantly virtual internships.   

Find the full survey results here, including data on full-time and internship recruiting for part-time MBA and specialized masters programs. 

“Big Three” Consulting Firms Announce Increase to MBA Starting Salaries

McKinsey, Bain & Co., and Boston Consulting Group have once again earned top billing in Vault’s 2022 “Best Consulting Firms.” Bain & Co. took the top spot with McKinsey scoring just .001 behind in second, and Boston Consulting Group dropped one notch to third. The ranking, which aggregates survey responses from over 17,000 consultants and 130 firms, creates a composite score based on 16 variables including compensation, diversity, work-life balance, job satisfaction, and prestige, among others. 

Bain scored within the top five across all 16 components, including top scores for informal training and relationships with supervisors. McKinsey and Boston Consulting Group received 15 scores within the top five. McKinsey earned top billing for innovation, internal mobility, selectivity, and international opportunities, while Boston Consulting Group received the top rank for firm leadership, overall business outlook, health and wellness, promotion policies, as well as compensation and benefits. 

In even better news for prospective and current MBA students interested in pursuing a career in consulting, the big three also just announced that starting salaries for MBA hires will increase in 2022 by $10,000. This will bring the starting salary up to $175,000 and total compensation packages up by between four and nine percent. In addition, McKinsey recently announced that it will hire its largest summer internship class to date. The firm, which is expanding geographically and functionally, expects to recruit 800 interns, which will include a large number of first-year MBA students.

So, from which schools will they likely recruit? A recent Poets & Quants analysis explored the “feeder schools” for each of these companies, using data from the Wall Street Oasis 2022 Consulting Industry report. For McKinsey, the top feeder schools are University of Toronto, Northwestern, Harvard, University of Michigan, Dartmouth, and Georgia Tech. For Bain—UT Austin, UVA, Harvard, University of Michigan, and Duke. And for Boston Consulting Group—the University of Pennsylvania is by far the largest feeder school, followed by Yale, MIT, and the London School of Economics. 

MBA Curriculums Expand to Include Content in Environmental and Social Conscientiousness

Sustainability. Social enterprise. Impact investing. These words may have been in the course titles of fringe electives a decade ago, but today they are quickly becoming mainstream components of leading business school curriculums. This is well-evidenced by the Financial Times Responsible Business Education awards, which celebrate the best “examples of work by business schools seeking to focus on people and planet alongside profit” in three categories: academic research, teaching cases, and alumni change makers. There is an emerging trend for business schools to think and teach about outcomes and values beyond profit maximization. 

A recent New York Times article on Environmental, Social, and Governance’s (ESG) increasing role in business education and the workforce noted that the incorporation of ESG topics within the MBA is being driven by student and employer demand. At Yale’s School of Management, sustainability is integrated into required core courses such as microeconomics, accounting, and corporate finance, while Duke’s Fuqua School of Business has added a new core course titled Business and Common Purpose. At University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton, there are more than 50 undergraduate and graduate courses related to social impact, and at Harvard Business School, an elective course on social enterprise had 600 matriculants (a sizable increase from 251 in 2012). 

In the past, there was a sense that MBA students who wanted to go into ESG could not command the same salaries as those following more traditional—consulting or finance—career paths. A study, not yet published, by the Yale School of Management including more than 2,000 students across 29 business schools, found that over half (51 percent) of students would accept a lower salary to work for an environmentally responsible company, an uptick of seven percentage points from five years ago. Students’ preferences are obviously changing, and so is the market. 

According to McKinsey, global sustainable investment grew by about 68 percent between 2014 and 2019, reaching over $30 trillion. This has created a number of new job opportunities, and the demand in the market has put upward pressure on ESG-related salaries. Further, the relative “newness” of the field also creates an appealing opportunity in terms of career growth, with relatively few people standing in front with seniority. MBA graduates can advance quickly. Recruiters tell the New York Times that filling experienced-hire and senior roles in sustainability is challenging; this may also benefit MBA graduates by providing them with early access to more senior positions. 

There also appears to be a growing need for ESG skills across industries. “There’s this tension for any student who wants to pursue sustainability, which is, ‘I have massive debt, but I also want to do good,’” said Bethany Patten, the Senior Associate Director of the Sustainability Center at M.I.T.’s Sloan School of Management. However, she points out that jobs at banks and investment firms that require sustainability skill sets, as well as finance, are offering salaries that are generally on par with typical finance salaries. 

The opportunity for ESG roles in the marketplace is ripe, and many students are interested in pursuing them, but the number of graduates who take purely ESG roles directly out of an MBA program remains relatively low. At Wharton, just 1.8 percent of graduates went into social impact work. At Stanford, the proportion was higher at 19 percent. But Dr. Costis Maglaras, Dean of Columbia Business School thinks these numbers will continue to increase. “Over the last two decades if you ask yourself, ‘What is the thing that really transformed businesses?’ It’s been technology, data, analytics. If you were to ask what will transform businesses in the future, I believe it’s going to be climate change.”

Technology Growth Expected to Drive MBA Hiring

The 2022 hiring outlook for MBA graduates is strong. After the early stages of the pandemic caused demand to falter for 2020 graduates, both hiring and salaries have rebounded to pre-pandemic levels. The QS Global Employer Survey 2022, which included over 5,000 MBA employers from 40 countries, found that 70 percent of US employers expect to hire more graduates within their organization in the next year.

Technology firms, which have shown consistent growth throughout the pandemic, are expected to drive demand for MBA graduates. Technology recruiters' interest in hiring MBAs has grown over time according to the 2021 GMAC Corporate Recruiters Survey, with the number of technology recruiters planning to hire MBAs climbing from 80 percent in 2019 to 96 percent in 2021. Similarly, the QS Global Employer Survey found that just over 50 percent of US companies offered MBA graduates roles in IT and technology, in both 2020 and 2021, compared to 27 percent receiving those functional roles globally (2021). 

Amazon reported that in 2021 they increased MBA hires by 20 percent due to growth in demand for their products and services. Speaking to BusinessBecause, an Amazon spokesperson explained that the company hires were based on demand and that, “We work with business teams across Amazon to determine their need for student talent each hiring season.” The spokesperson also noted that they expect hiring to continue to increase in 2022. Other large employers of MBAs in technology include Google, Microsoft, and Apple. 

Consulting will also continue to play a large role in MBA hires. With the US management consulting market size projected to grow by 4.1 percent in 2022, demand for MBAs from consulting firms is expected to remain high. GMAC’s Corporate Recruiters Survey found that 95 percent of consulting recruiters plan to hire MBAs. And, In 2021, 46 percent of those recruiters said that they expected to increase their MBA hires, compared to just 21 percent in 2020. McKinsey, BCG, and Bain have historically employed the largest number of MBA graduates and will likely continue to do so. 

As companies throughout the US struggle with hiring and retaining the skilled workforce that they need, MBA graduates are well positioned to thrive. Economists are speculating that omicron could continue to impact the overall employment rate, pointing out that, across industries, quit rates have remained high, but hiring rates remain even higher. “Workers being able to quit their jobs to take better ones is a very good thing and signals an economy with healthy dynamism,” said Economic Policy Institute President, Heidi Shierholz. “A high quit rate combined with strong job growth is absolutely something to celebrate.”  

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Amazon to Include Larger Swath of Schools in MBA Recruiting Using Virtual Meetings

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Amazon to Include Larger Swath of Schools in MBA Recruiting Using Virtual Meetings

Amazon has adopted a new MBA recruiting strategy, according to a recent article in the Wall Street Journal. They are turning away from a previous focus on the most elite schools to broaden the scope of MBA talent they evaluate for full-time jobs and summer internships. This exciting new strategy will is being deployed to increase the diversity of background and talent in Amazon’s new hires. But it will now be increasingly difficult for prospective employees to meet anyone from Amazon face-to-face during the hiring process. Most on-campus visits will be replaced with virtual meetings.

While previously, the company hired approximately 1000 full-time employees and MBA interns from the 12 most prestigious schools, it has recently extended a similar number of offers to students from 80 MBA programs. So expectedly, the declines in the number of Amazon hires at top-tier programs have been striking. MIT and Kellogg reported declines of over 60 percent from 2017 to 2019. Berkeley Haas saw a decrease of about 50 percent over the same time period, reporting that Amazon is recruiting more from other programs at the school. And Columbia and NYU sent 40 percent fewer students to the company. While Michigan Ross no longer publishes its employment numbers, Amazon was the top employer for Ross in 2017, with 38 graduates, and they have confirmed that fewer went there in 2019.

Some schools report that Amazon’s virtual recruiting strategy has also dimmed students’ enthusiasm to work for the company; students responded positively to the face-to-face access to recruiters and executives in the past and are still adjusting to the change. Susan Brennan, Assistant Dean of Career Development at MIT’s Sloan school, says that “Students are drawn toward an opportunity where they have a direct connection.” More MIT graduates are now opting for employment at tech startups and consulting firms that are still sending representatives to campus to meet and interact with students. Others, such as Kim Austin, Director at Texas A&M’s Mays Business School career-management center, which saw an increase in Amazon employment among graduates, says that while it was initially a shock, students there have been pleased by the uptick in hires, and are adapting to the new reality of virtual meetings.

Other prominent MBA recruiters, including Goldman Sachs and Bain & Co. have adopted a similar strategy in expanding the list of schools from which they recruit. And it is likely that, they too, will conduct many of their meetings virtually.